Primary Sources

Explore original historical documents, chronicles, and writings from the Reconquista period (711-1492 AD)

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ChronicleFull Text

Chronicle of Alfonso III

Author: Unknown (attributed to Alfonso III)
Date: 883 AD
Language: Latin

In the era 749 [711 AD], the Saracens entered Spain... Pelayo, son of Duke Fafila, taking refuge in the mountain called Auseva with three hundred men, began the restoration of Spain and the liberation of the Christians.

PoetryFull Text

Cantar de Mio Cid

Author: Unknown
Date: c. 1207
Language: Old Spanish

De los sos ojos tan fuertemientre llorando, tornava la cabeça e estávalos catando... (From his eyes, weeping so strongly, he turned his head and was looking at them...)

TreatyFull Text

Treaty of Tudilén

Author: Ramon Berenguer IV & Alfonso VII
Date: 1151 AD
Language: Latin

Agreement between the Kingdom of Aragon and Castile dividing future conquests of Muslim territories, with Aragon taking eastern lands and Castile taking western regions.

Chronicle

Chronicle of Morea

Author: Unknown
Date: 1300s
Language: Greek/French

Describing the deeds of the Franks and their conquest of the Morea [Peloponnese], and how they conquered the land of Romania.

LetterFull Text

Letter of Pope Urban II

Author: Pope Urban II
Date: 1095 AD
Language: Latin

Let those who have been accustomed unjustly to wage private warfare against the faithful now go against the infidels and end with victory this war which should have been begun long ago.

Chronicle

Chronicle of Ibn Hayyan

Author: Ibn Hayyan
Date: 1075 AD
Language: Arabic

Detailed accounts of the Caliphate of Córdoba and the Taifa kingdoms, describing political intrigue, cultural achievements, and military conflicts from a Muslim perspective.

DocumentFull Text

Siete Partidas

Author: Alfonso X "El Sabio"
Date: 1256-1265
Language: Castilian

Comprehensive legal code covering everything from kingship to family law, reflecting Christian values while incorporating Islamic and Jewish legal traditions.

TreatyFull Text

Granada Capitulation Treaty

Author: Catholic Monarchs & Boabdil
Date: November 25, 1491
Language: Spanish/Arabic

Terms guaranteeing Muslims religious freedom, property rights, and protection under Christian rule. Most terms were later violated.

DecreeFull Text

Alhambra Decree

Author: Ferdinand II & Isabella I
Date: March 31, 1492
Language: Spanish

Edict ordering the expulsion of all practicing Jews from Spain within four months, unless they converted to Christianity.

Chronicle

Chronicle of the Moor Rasis

Author: Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Razi
Date: 10th century
Language: Arabic

Geographical and historical description of Al-Andalus, detailing cities, resources, and the splendor of Muslim Spain.

PoetryFull Text

Poema de Fernán González

Author: Unknown (monk)
Date: c. 1250
Language: Old Spanish

Epic poem celebrating Count Fernán González of Castile and the independence of Castile from León.

ChronicleFull Text

De expugnatione Lyxbonensi

Author: Anonymous English Crusader
Date: 1147-1148
Language: Latin

Eyewitness account of the Siege of Lisbon during the Second Crusade, describing the conquest of the city from the Moors.

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